Saturday, June 20, 2015

"Heart of the World" at La Ciudad Perdida, the Lost City of Colombia, South America, Marks the Stars of Corvus and Also Has a Southern Hemisphere Sky Map Megalith

La Ciudad Perdida, "The Lost City", also known as Teyuna or Buritaca, is located in the Magdalena Department of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, South America, and has the GPS coordinates 11°2′16.79″N 73°55′30.69″W. It predates Machu Picchu in Peru by many centuries and has one of the most magnificent ancient megalithic stones we have seen.

The Global Heritage Fund (GHF) in partnership with the Colombian Institute of Anthropology and History are involved with the management, documentation, and conservation of the Teyuna-Ciudad Perdida Archaeological Park.

Archaeology magazine, Volume 57 Number 5, September/October 2004, has an article by Toby Muse titled Lost City, who writes about Ciudad Perdida that the native inhabitants of the region, the Tairona (also written "the Tayronas"), call the center of their extremely remote 15000 square mile area in the Sierra Nevada "Teyuna", "the HEART of the world", even though its first modern discoverers called it a "green hell" for its ever-present mosquitoes, thick impenetrable jungles, and densely covered steep mountains.

Even today tourists can not get to the "Lost City" independently but only as part of organized ca. 4-to-5-day hiking tours, which reportedly cover anywhere from  23 kilometers to 44 kilometers of extremely tough jungle hiking, including river crossings and very steep terrain. Suited only for the very fit!

At Ucros Travel, which also has some marvelous photographs, it is written:
"Lost City Colombia - Ciudad Perdida  was discovered in 1976 by a team of archaeologists from the Colombian Institute of Anthropology led by Gilberto Cadavid Luisa Fernanda Herrera.... Recent (2006) Archaeological investigations at the site indicate that this town was founded around 660 AD and abandoned sometime between 1550 and 1600 AD.... It is known as Teyuna by Indians...."
According to our analysis of the ancient land survey of Native America by astronomy, the Lost City of Santa Marta represented the stars of Corvus seen as a "heart", as evidenced in the large arguably "heart"-sculpted stone at the main location of the site. Perhaps these stones were at some time also viewed as a toad, or frog, as seen in those or neighboring stars by Inca cosmology.

The Ciudad Perdida, Colombia, South America
Corvus Heart Stone


See also http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:YAEL_PHOTOS_898.jpg, which appears to be a similar stone at a different location in Ciudad Perdida.

Ciudad Perdida also has a fantastic megalithic "sky map stone". See  http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:YAEL_PHOTOS_819.jpg.

That megalith is currently thought to have been a "local" map of the region, created using a "slashed line" stone marking technique also found in the Pacific Northwest, e.g. in Oregon (name origin via "Virgo", so we allege) and Alaska.

Note that in Inupiaq Eskimo language an inuksuk was "a native Alaskan cairn built to mark pathways". See Behind the Name. On one level that is what the ancient land survey of Native America by astronomy was all about.

The Ciudad Perdida Megalith of Colombia, South America suggests that Ciudad Perdida (marking Corvus as a heart) was the top of the stone and that the megalith was marked as a sky map of stars of the southern hemisphere. See photos of the stone by Stan James and Yael Zwighaft of YAEL-PHOTOS, 2008 at
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:YAEL_PHOTOS_819.jpg.

This has to be one of the most spectacular of all the megaliths we have thus far seen, apparently carved in the shape of a human head, with the top of the head as the stars of Centaurus and the chin fairly clear, but with asymmetrical star-mandated positioning.

We see the eyes at Volans and Musca, the cheek at Carina, the nose at Mensa and the mouth at Reticulum, which then makes LMC, the Large Magellanic Cloud the moustache. Obviously, the ancients created these anthropomorphic figures in the stones to mark the stars and to make it easier to remember them, just as we do today with the stellar constellations.


The La Ciudad Perdida, Colombia, South America
Southern Hemisphere Sky Map Megalith
(click the graphic for a larger image)


We found the Colombian and Alaskan megaliths by following an "idealized" diagonal line of land survey by astronomy that runs northwest to Alaska from the Herschel Petroglyphs and southeast from the Herschel Petroglyphs through Cahokia to the Miami Circle and approximately through Ciudad Perdida, and then on to the far east coast of South America. We think that this line could be marked as one of two lines marked at the bottom of the Cahokia Birdman Tablet that are perpendicular to the ca. seven horizontal levels found there, which mark the main horizontal survey levels on land in North America. We will post about how that land survey may have looked in a coming posting.

We emphasize again that the ancients may not have used totally straight lines in doing their astronomical land surveys, but rather line and/or angle approximations that were guided by measurements of the stars, Earth topography, resulting Indian trails and other practical considerations. Nevertheless, such lines are useful for analysis in practice for us in doing the decipherments. Exactly what the ancients did still remains open.

THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 109 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

"Heart of the World" at La Ciudad Perdida, the Lost City of Colombia, South America, Marks the Stars of Corvus and Also Has a Southern Hemisphere Sky Map Megalith
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/20/2015 08:51:00 PM

Monday, June 15, 2015

Final Rock Art Decipherment for Ererê, Brazil, image source C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil, Figure 1: Sixth and Last of the Series

Final Rock Art Decipherment for Ererê, Brazil, image source C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil, Figure 1: Sixth and Last of the Series

As we have previously noted, in the Native America Land Survey by Astronomy, -- whose design for South America is recorded at the Miami Circle --
the rock art location of Ererê in Ceará State in northeastern Brazil
marks the stars of Orion,
whose Belt is called Orcorara as "3 stars" in Quechua,
pictured in our previous posting about the Cuzco Sun Temple
as three "hills", with orco meaning "hill" in Quechua.

Within the more local astronomy of South America over the course of time, however, Ererê, Brazil shows us rock art that contains the same cosmology that we found at the Cuzco Temple of the Sun, which, as we have shown in the previous posting, was really the Temple of the Galaxy, i.e. the Milky Way.

The images deciphered here and in the previous five postings of the series are from Ererê, Brazil and neighboring sites and are found a work in the public domain by Charles Frederich Hartt (Carlos Frederico Hartt), see also MyHartt, translated into Spanish from the Portuguese by Joao Baptista Regueira Costa (traduccao), Instituto Archeologico e Geographico Pernambucano, Pernambuco, Recife 1895. The applicable links online are:
See generally also the following sources:
This is the sixth and last posting of a series of decipherments which appear to be variations of a similar astronomical presentation at Ererê and neighboring sites, very likely at different eras, one image for each posting, here deciphering Figure 1, C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil. This figure shows similarities to Figure 6 but much remains very speculative.


THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 108 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

Rock Art Decipherments for Ererê, Brazil, image source C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil, Figure 10: Sixth and Last of the Series
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/15/2015 11:58:00 PM

Mont d'Argent near Cayenne, Brazil Rock Art Decipherment, image C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil, Figure 10: Fifth of Six Postings in the Series

Rock Art Decipherments for Ererê, Brazil, here Mont d'Argent near Cayenne, C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil, Figure 10: Fifth of a Series

As we have previously noted, in the Native America Land Survey by Astronomy, -- whose design for South America is recorded at the Miami Circle --
the rock art location of Ererê in Ceará State in northeastern Brazil
marks the stars of Orion,
whose Belt is called Orcorara as "3 stars" in Quechua,
pictured in our previous posting about the Cuzco Sun Temple
as three "hills", with orco meaning "hill" in Quechua.

Within the more local astronomy of South America over the course of time, however, Ererê, Brazil shows us rock art that contains the same cosmology that we found at the Cuzco Temple of the Sun, which, as we have shown in the previous posting, was really the Temple of the Galaxy, i.e. the Milky Way.

The images deciphered here and in subsequent postings are from Ererê, Brazil are found a work in the public domain by Charles Frederich Hartt (Carlos Frederico Hartt), see also MyHartt, translated into Spanish from the Portuguese by Joao Baptista Regueira Costa (traduccao), Instituto Archeologico e Geographico Pernambucano, Pernambuco, Recife 1895. The applicable links online are:
See generally also the following sources:
This is the fifth of a series of decipherments which appear to be variations of a similar astronomical presentation at Ererê in Ceará State in northeastern Brazil, very likely at different eras, one image for each posting, here deciphering Figure 10, C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil, which appears to be the most archaic of the rock art depictions at Ererê, specifically Mont d'Argent, near Cayenne, virtually duplicating the sky map found at the Miami Circle:


The reason for the color presentation of the inner circle is that otherwise the lines appear to be a disorderly jumble, whereas the colors show clearly that there is clear intention and intelligence behind the drawing. Note that Centaurus appears to be presented as a being.

THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 107 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

Rock Art Decipherments for Ererê, Brazil, here Mont d'Argent near Cayenne, C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil, Figure 10: Fifth of a Series
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/15/2015 11:53:00 PM

Ererê, Brazil Rock Art Decipherment 4th of 6, source image C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil, Figure 7

Rock Art Decipherments for Ererê, Brazil, sourcing C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil, Figure 7: Fourth of a Series

As we have previously noted, in the Native America Land Survey by Astronomy, -- whose design for South America is recorded at the Miami Circle --
the rock art location of Ererê in Ceará State in northeastern Brazil
marks the stars of Orion,
whose Belt is called Orcorara as "3 stars" in Quechua,
pictured in our previous posting about the Cuzco Sun Temple
as three "hills", with orco meaning "hill" in Quechua.

Within the more local astronomy of South America over the course of time, however, Ererê, Brazil shows us rock art that contains the same cosmology that we found at the Cuzco Temple of the Sun, which, as we have shown in the previous posting, was really the Temple of the Galaxy, i.e. the Milky Way.

The images deciphered here and in subsequent postings are from Ererê, Brazil are found a work in the public domain by Charles Frederich Hartt (Carlos Frederico Hartt), see also MyHartt, translated into Spanish from the Portuguese by Joao Baptista Regueira Costa (traduccao), Instituto Archeologico e Geographico Pernambucano, Pernambuco, Recife 1895. The applicable links online are:
See generally also the following sources:
This is the fourth of a series of decipherments which appear to be variations of a similar astronomical presentation at Ererê in Ceará State in northeastern Brazil, very likely at different eras, one image for each posting, here deciphering Figure 7, C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil:



THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 106 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

The Rock Art of Ererê Brazil Uses the Same Astronomical System as Found at Cusco: Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil Figure 7 Hartt

Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/15/2015 11:49:00 PM

Rock Art Decipherment 3 of 6 for Ererê, Brazil, image C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil, Figure 6

Rock Art Decipherments for Ererê, Brazil, sourcing C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil, Figure 6: Third of a Series

As we have previously noted, in the Native America Land Survey by Astronomy, -- whose design for South America is recorded at the Miami Circle --
the rock art location of Ererê in Ceará State in northeastern Brazil
marks the stars of Orion,
whose Belt is called Orcorara as "3 stars" in Quechua,
pictured in our previous posting about the Cuzco Sun Temple
as three "hills", with orco meaning "hill" in Quechua.

Within the more local astronomy of South America over the course of time, however, Ererê, Brazil shows us rock art that contains the same cosmology that we found at the Cuzco Temple of the Sun, which, as we have shown in the previous posting, was really the Temple of the Galaxy, i.e. the Milky Way.

The images deciphered here and in subsequent postings are from Ererê, Brazil are found a work in the public domain by Charles Frederich Hartt (Carlos Frederico Hartt), see also MyHartt, translated into Spanish from the Portuguese by Joao Baptista Regueira Costa (traduccao), Instituto Archeologico e Geographico Pernambucano, Pernambuco, Recife 1895. The applicable links online are:
See generally also the following sources:
This is the third of a series of decipherments which appear to be variations of a similar astronomical presentation at Ererê in Ceará State in northeastern Brazil, very likely at different eras, one image for each posting, here deciphering Figure 6, in C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil, 

a decipherment that is very speculative as concerns the upper 2/3rds of the rock art here, but do note the cross-hatch style at the bottom for Gemini, and compare to the Temple of the Sun at Cuzco and the Birdman of Cahokia:


THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 105 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

Rock Art Decipherment 3 of 6 for Ererê, Brazil, image C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil, Figure 6
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/15/2015 11:41:00 PM

Second of a Series of Rock Art Decipherments for Ererê, Brazil, C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil, Figure 5

Second of a Series of Rock Art Decipherments for Ererê, Brazil,
C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil, Figure 5

As we have previously noted, in the Native America Land Survey by Astronomy, -- whose design for South America is recorded at the Miami Circle --
the rock art location of Ererê in Ceará State in northeastern Brazil
marks the stars of Orion,
whose Belt is called Orcorara as "3 stars" in Quechua,
pictured in our previous posting about the Cuzco Sun Temple
as three "hills", with orco meaning "hill" in Quechua.

Within the more local astronomy of South America over the course of time, however, Ererê, Brazil shows us rock art that contains the same cosmology that we found at the Cuzco Temple of the Sun, which, as we have shown in the previous posting, was really the Temple of the Galaxy, i.e. the Milky Way.

The images deciphered here and in subsequent postings are from Ererê, Brazil are found a work in the public domain by Charles Frederich Hartt (Carlos Frederico Hartt), see also MyHartt, translated into Spanish from the Portuguese by Joao Baptista Regueira Costa (traduccao), Instituto Archeologico e Geographico Pernambucano, Pernambuco, Recife 1895. The applicable links online are:
See generally also the following sources:
This is the second of a series of several decipherments, all of which appear to be variations of a similar astronomical presentation at Ererê in Ceará State in northeastern Brazil, very likely at different eras, one image for each coming posting, in this case deciphering Figure 5, in C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil:


THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 104 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

The Rock Art of Ererê Brazil Uses the Same Astronomical System as Found at Cusco: Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil Figure 5 Hartt

Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/15/2015 11:37:00 PM

The Rock Art of Ererê Brazil as Here Deciphered Uses the Same Astronomical System as Found at Cusco: Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil Figure 4 Hartt: First of a Series of Six Postings

First of a Series of Six Rock Art Decipherments for Ererê, Brazil,
C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil, Figure 4

As we have previously noted, in the Native America Land Survey by Astronomy, -- whose design for South America is recorded at the Miami Circle --
the rock art location of Ererê in Ceará State in northeastern Brazil
marks the stars of Orion,
whose Belt is called Orcorara as "3 stars" in Quechua,
pictured in our previous posting about the Cuzco Sun Temple
as three "hills", with orco meaning "hill" in Quechua.

Within the more local astronomy of South America over the course of time, however, Ererê, Brazil shows us rock art that contains the same cosmology that we found at the Cuzco Temple of the Sun, which, as we have shown in the previous posting, was really the Temple of the Galaxy, i.e. the Milky Way.

The images deciphered here and in subsequent postings are from Ererê, Brazil are found a work in the public domain by Charles Frederich Hartt (Carlos Frederico Hartt), see also MyHartt, translated into Spanish from the Portuguese by Joao Baptista Regueira Costa (traduccao), Instituto Archeologico e Geographico Pernambucano, Pernambuco, Recife 1895. The applicable links online are:
See generally also the following sources:
Here is the first of several decipherments, all of which appear to be variations of a similar astronomical presentation at Ererê in Ceará State in northeastern Brazil, very likely at different eras, here in 1764 A.D., one image for each coming posting, in this case deciphering Figure 4, in C. Fred Hartt, Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil:


THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 103 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

The Rock Art of Ererê Brazil as Here Deciphered Uses the Same Astronomical System as Found at Cusco: Inscripcoes em rochedos do Brasil Figure 4 Hartt: First of a Series of Six Postings
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/15/2015 11:31:00 PM

Qurikancha Gold Altar Map of Cuzco Peru Inca Inti Sun Temple Deciphered Completely as Astronomy with Crux the Southern Cross at the Top of an Axis Running Along the Milky Way and the Galactic Meridian

The Inti "Sun" Temple of the Inca at Cuzco, Peru -- known today as Qurikancha, Qorikancha (Great Churches of the World) viz. Coricancha, and formerly as Inti Kancha in Quechua -- was the most important temple of the Inca Empire.

As will become clear, the temple is more correctly called the Temple of the Galaxy since it concentrates on the Galactic Meridian, in concordance with known Inca cosmology, which focused on the Milky Way.

The gold main altar wall map of the temple is known to be astronomical, but previous attempts by others to fully decipher the map have failed because researchers have understandably, but erroneously, especially for Northern Hemisphere natives and those used to putting the Southern Cross in the South, thus put Crux, the Southern Cross, near the bottom of the map, rather than at the top, where observers in the Southern Hemisphere would see it in the sky near THEIR celestial pole.

Below is a near facsimile of the original map of Juan de Santa Cruz Pachacuti Yamqui Salcamayhua, said to derive from the year 1613 AD, so that the map presumably shows the sky at some time in the more modern era. The notes made to the map sketch by the sketch maker indicate limited understanding of the astronomical system employed in the map, a map originally placed on the wall in gold by others, as this "interpreter" lacked knowledge of stellar details, a status which explains why his notes have never been very useful to anyone in assisting the map's decipherment. Indeed, many alleged identifications are simply wrong, starting with the human-faced alleged Sun figure, which, based on in its location on the map, could not be the Sun at that position by any stretch of the imagination when seen astronomically.

Note now the stars of Musca at the top left (our discovery), which have been ignored by everyone because they are drawn outside of the Temple walls, but this detail is in fact the major clue to decipherment, for it places the top of the map clearly at Crux, just to the right of Musca in the stellar heavens.


Our decipherment below of that map permits a revised, corrected interpretation of its astronomy and shows the axis of the map to run principally along the Milky Way and the Galactic Meridian from Crux to Gemini. Note here the similar style of cross-hatch stellar notation (here for Gemini) found also on the Cahokia Birdman Tablet, and also featured in a coming posting for Erere (Ererê) in Brazil.

Below is our decipherment of the Qurikancha Inti Sun Temple Astronomical Map. It is all really quite clear, once one knows where to start. Our own drawing and decipherment interpretation is based on a study of various maps and photographs found e.g. at:
Qurikancha Gold Altar Map of the Cuzco Peru Inca Sun Temple Deciphered as Astronomy with Crux the Southern Cross at the Top


The Corresponding Stars for Qurikancha with an underlying star map from Starry Night Pro
astronomy software -- http://astronomy.starrynight.com
-- but the interpretation and explanations are by Andis Kaulins,
who is unaffiliated with Starry Night Pro

  • As one can see, Crux, the Southern Cross is at the top of the Gold Altar Astronomical Map, flanked to the left by the stars of Musca, which are marked as being outside the walls of the temple.
  • Carina is the central large group of stars, though surely not seen then exactly as we see those stars in the modern era. Carina marks the elliptical shape in the middle of the map, running here down to Sirius. We shall see more central use of Carina in sky maps in the rock art of Ererêc, a municipality in the state of Ceará in the Northeast region of Brazil.
  • To the left of Carina, the "sun face" does not mark the sun but marks the Large Magellanic Cloud ("LMC"), which has a bright circular shape.
  • The large star below LMC is Canopus, second brightest star in the sky
  • To the right of Carina, the figure marks the shape of Vela and Antlia.
  • Alphard in Hydra's neck is the star marked below that and is the brightest star in Hydra, known in Arabic as "the solitary one" because no other bright stars are near it, whence also the singular marking in this map.
  • The bottom of the ellipse is marked by Sirius in Canis Major, the brightest star in the night sky, nearly twice as bright as Canopus.
  • The cross shown there at the bottom of the ellipse is formed in Monoceros using stars of Canis Major, Monoceros and Procyon in Canis Minor. Note that the map gives different blackness weight to each of the two verticals of that cross because of the differing brightness of the stars used. Monoceros is largely ignored in astronomy today because its stars are fairly faint, but the cross on this map crosses virtually at the Galactic Meridian and the middle of the Milky Way, which was of importance to the ancients.
  • To the left of the bottom of the ellipse we see that the fourteen stars found there mark the stars of either Lepus alone or Columba and Lepus combined as rows of 3, 5, 4 and 2 stars. The only question is whether the 3 stars are from Lepus or from Columba above it. Preferred might be the option of Lepus alone, as in the image below at a star magnitude limit of 5.20, bit we regard the three upper stars as being the brightest stars of Columba as the most likely option, those being far more prominent than these three:


  • Below Columba and Lepus we then find Orion marked clearly by the 3 stars of Orion's Belt and two half-circles marking upper stars of Orion.
  • The line extending from Orion to the left marks the Celestial Equator in the general era around 1613 A.D., the presumed date of the map.
  • The jagged line left of Orion marks the extended length of Eridanus.
  • Below Orion there are 7 stars that either mark the "shield" of Orion which we have previously shown to have marked the Temple of the Seven Dolls, or, however, equally possible here are the bright stars of Taurus and the Hyades, especially since the map does not draw all 7 in one line.
  • The bottom of the Milky Way here is marked by the stars of Gemini as two figures and below them Gemini (or, also possible is an elongated, extended version of Auriga) as marked by a cross-hatched rectangle.
  • To right middle of the map one sees the nebulous Head of Hydra whose relatively faint stars are divided into rows of 3, 4, 3 and 2 stars each, as shown in the special cutout in the decipherment.
  • Marked below Hydra are Leo as an animal
  • Regulus seems to be extended from Cancer, which is shown as a roundish curling object.
  • Ursa Major is represented as a tree of life kind of figure.
Coming postings will show similarly-oriented rock art maps from Erere (Ererê) and nearby rock art sites in Brazil. Ererê is a municipality in the state of Ceará in the Northeast region of Brazil.

THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 102 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

Qurikancha Gold Altar Map of Cuzco Peru Inca Inti Sun Temple Deciphered Completely as Astronomy with Crux the Southern Cross at the Top of an Axis Running Along the Milky Way and the Galactic Meridian

Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/15/2015 05:19:00 PM

Sunday, June 14, 2015

"Readable" Full Decipherment Photo Image for SaksayWaman via a Link to the Bitmap

The previous jpg image was not well readable online so we are trying again, this time with a link to the original ca. 120 MB bmp image of the full decipherment for SaksayWaman. Please be aware that the load time here is substantial, or even impossible, given the nature of your hardware and your Internet connection.

Full Decipherment Image of SaksayWaman as Astronomy
Our decipherment of Saksaywaman, Cuzco, Peru,
relies upon a fantastic panorama photograph of SaksayWaman
by Martin St-Amant:
"Sacsayhuamán Décembre 2006 - Vue Panoramique - Pleine résolution"
by Martin St-Amant (S23678) - Own work.
Licensed under CC BY 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons.

image link:

Please note that we are not affiliated with Martin St-Amant in any way and that our interpretation of Saksaywaman via his original photograph is our opinion alone. We have added the "helping" colored lines and explanatory text interpretation materials in the photograph above.

The decipherment must be considered quite "provisional" since there are still many unanswered questions. One of them is whether the otherwise unidentified individual boulders (megaliths) or smaller groups of stones, especially those that seem to be in a pattern, represent particular stars in the sky. We are certain that there is more to the site than what we have initially discovered.

THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 101 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

"Readable" Full Decipherment Photo Image for SaksayWaman via a Link to the Bitmap
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/14/2015 02:12:00 PM

Saturday, June 13, 2015

Link to the Full Decipherment Photo Image for SaksayWaman

This post has a link to our full decipherment photo image for SaksayWaman.

UPDATE: The link below in this posting gives you a quick panorama photo but Blogger compresses the data so much that the image text is not readable, even if you click the image. Accordingly, we now have a link to the original bitmap at http://ancientworldblog.blogspot.com/2015/06/readable-full-decipherment-photo-image.html but be aware that 120 MB takes time to load (minutes), if at all, depending on the speed of your internet connection and your hardware.

Because of the size of the panorama image (20064 pixels wide and ca. 9.8 MB as a jpg), it can not be reproduced in full size here given the blog dimensions.

Click on the image or image link below to obtain a larger image on your screen.

Full Decipherment Image of SaksayWaman as Astronomy
Our decipherment of Saksaywaman, Cuzco, Peru,
relies upon a fantastic panorama photograph of SaksayWaman
by Martin St-Amant:
"Sacsayhuamán Décembre 2006 - Vue Panoramique - Pleine résolution"
by Martin St-Amant (S23678) - Own work.
Licensed under CC BY 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons.

image link:

Please note that we are not affiliated with Martin St-Amant in any way and that our interpretation of Saksaywaman via his original photograph is our opinion alone. We have added the "helping" colored lines and explanatory text interpretation materials in the photograph above.

The decipherment must be considered quite "provisional" since there are still many unanswered questions. One of them is whether the otherwise unidentified individual boulders (megaliths) or smaller groups of stones, especially those that seem to be in a pattern, represent particular stars in the sky. We are certain that there is more to the site than what we have initially discovered.

THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 101 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

Link to the Full Decipherment Photo Image for SaksayWaman
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/13/2015 02:32:00 PM

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 14 of 14 - The End Section of Mach'Acuay the Dark Constellation

Anyone who thinks Saksaywaman was erected as a fortified fortress needs to look at this part of the megalithic walls.

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 14 of 14 - the head of Mach'acuay, the dark constellation of the serpent, though it is not clear to us from the stones which end was seen as the head and which the tail.
The images proceed from left to right when facing the Saksaywaman megaliths.

Our decipherment of Saksaywaman, Cuzco, Peru, relies upon a fantastic panorama photograph of SaksayWaman by Martin St-Amant :"Sacsayhuamán Décembre 2006 - Vue Panoramique - Pleine résolution" by Martin St-Amant (S23678) - Own work. Licensed under CC BY 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons. That panorama photograph is so large (20000 pixels wide) that we have broken it down into sections in order to present our decipherment of those sections.

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 14 of 14 - The End Section of Mach'Acuay the Dark Constellation


THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 100 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 14 of 14 - The End Section of Mach'Acuay the Dark Constellation
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/13/2015 02:02:00 AM

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 13 of 14 - Dark Constellations Toad Hanp'atu Serpent Mach'acuay

The dark constellations of the toad Hanp'atu viz. Hamp'atu and the dark serpent Mach'atuay are strong evidence for the general correctness of the astronomical approach to Saksaywaman, for there is an Inca legend that the toad viz. frog sees the sunrise first even though the serpent is before him, but the toad is up higher!

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 13 of 14 - Dark Constellations Toad Hanp'atu Serpent Mach'acuay
The images proceed from left to right when facing the Saksaywaman megaliths.

Our decipherment of Saksaywaman, Cuzco, Peru, relies upon a fantastic panorama photograph of SaksayWaman by Martin St-Amant :"Sacsayhuamán Décembre 2006 - Vue Panoramique - Pleine résolution" by Martin St-Amant (S23678) - Own work. Licensed under CC BY 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons. That panorama photograph is so large (20000 pixels wide) that we have broken it down into sections in order to present our decipherment of those sections.

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 13 of 14 - Dark Constellations Toad Hanp'atu Serpent Mach'acuay


THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 99 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 13 of 14 - Dark Constellations Toad Hanp'atu Serpent Mach'acuay
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/13/2015 01:52:00 AM

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 12 of 14 - Crux the Southern Cross

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 12 of 14 - Crux the Southern Cross
The images proceed from left to right when facing the Saksaywaman megaliths.

Our decipherment of Saksaywaman, Cuzco, Peru, relies upon a fantastic panorama photograph of SaksayWaman by Martin St-Amant :"Sacsayhuamán Décembre 2006 - Vue Panoramique - Pleine résolution" by Martin St-Amant (S23678) - Own work. Licensed under CC BY 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons. That panorama photograph is so large (20000 pixels wide) that we have broken it down into sections in order to present our decipherment of those sections.

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy
Image 12 of 14 - Crux the Southern Cross


Crux here is clear, but there is some disagreement in the sources about what the Quechua Big Cross was, some say Orion, but more reading has indicated that it is more likely Gemini, whereas Orion is then the Big Bridge, which fits better. I have left it as is above, which was the initial version of the decipherment, because it is massive work to change it, but it is probably wrong.

THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 98 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 12 of 14
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/13/2015 01:43:00 AM

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 11 of 14 - Llama Cancha Yutu Tinamou

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy
Image 11 of 14 - Llama Cancha Yutu Tinamou
The images proceed from left to right when facing the Saksaywaman megaliths.

Our decipherment of Saksaywaman, Cuzco, Peru, relies upon a fantastic panorama photograph of SaksayWaman by Martin St-Amant :"Sacsayhuamán Décembre 2006 - Vue Panoramique - Pleine résolution" by Martin St-Amant (S23678) - Own work. Licensed under CC BY 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons. That panorama photograph is so large (20000 pixels wide) that we have broken it down into sections in order to present our decipherment of those sections.

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy
Image 11 of 14 - Llama Cancha Yutu Tinamou


THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 97 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 11 of 14 - Llama Cancha Yutu Tinamou
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/13/2015 01:34:00 AM

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 10 of 14 - Great Llama Centaurus Lupus

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy
Image 10 of 14 - Great Llama Centaurus Lupus
The images proceed from left to right when facing the Saksaywaman megaliths.

Our decipherment of Saksaywaman, Cuzco, Peru, relies upon a fantastic panorama photograph of SaksayWaman by Martin St-Amant :"Sacsayhuamán Décembre 2006 - Vue Panoramique - Pleine résolution" by Martin St-Amant (S23678) - Own work. Licensed under CC BY 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons. That panorama photograph is so large (20000 pixels wide) that we have broken it down into sections in order to present our decipherment of those sections.

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy
Image 10 of 14 - Great Llama Centaurus Lupus (Ursa Major ?)


THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 96 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 10 of 14 - Great Llama Centaurus Lupus
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/13/2015 01:28:00 AM

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 9 of 14 - Inca ATOQ the Fox, Scorpio

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy
Image 9 of 14 - Inca ATOQ the Fox, Scorpio
The images proceed from left to right when facing the Saksaywaman megaliths.

Our decipherment of Saksaywaman, Cuzco, Peru, relies upon a fantastic panorama photograph of SaksayWaman by Martin St-Amant :"Sacsayhuamán Décembre 2006 - Vue Panoramique - Pleine résolution" by Martin St-Amant (S23678) - Own work. Licensed under CC BY 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons. That panorama photograph is so large (20000 pixels wide) that we have broken it down into sections in order to present our decipherment of those sections.

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy
Image 9 of 14 - Inca ATOQ the Fox, Scorpio



THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 95 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 9 of 14 - Inca ATOQ the Fox, Scorpio
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/13/2015 01:23:00 AM

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 8 of 14 - Serpens Caput Sagittarius

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy
Image 8 of 14 - Serpens Caput Sagittarius
The images proceed from left to right when facing the Saksaywaman megaliths.

Our decipherment of Saksaywaman, Cuzco, Peru, relies upon a fantastic panorama photograph of SaksayWaman by Martin St-Amant :"Sacsayhuamán Décembre 2006 - Vue Panoramique - Pleine résolution" by Martin St-Amant (S23678) - Own work. Licensed under CC BY 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons. That panorama photograph is so large (20000 pixels wide) that we have broken it down into sections in order to present our decipherment of those sections.

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy
Image 8 of 14 - Serpens Caput Sagittarius


THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 94 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 8 of 14 - Serpens Caput Sagittarius
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/13/2015 01:16:00 AM

The Central Image of the Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 7 of 14 - Draco Aquila Cygnus Lyra Ophiuchus

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 7 of 14
The images proceed from left to right when facing the Saksaywaman megaliths.

Our decipherment of Saksaywaman, Cuzco, Peru, relies upon a fantastic panorama photograph of SaksayWaman by Martin St-Amant :"Sacsayhuamán Décembre 2006 - Vue Panoramique - Pleine résolution" by Martin St-Amant (S23678) - Own work. Licensed under CC BY 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons. That panorama photograph is so large (20000 pixels wide) that we have broken it down into sections in order to present our decipherment of those sections.

The Central Image of the Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy -  Image 7 of 14 - Draco Aquila Cygnus Lyra Ophiuchus



THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 93 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

The Central Image of the Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy -  Image 7 of 14 - Draco Aquila Cygnus Lyra Ophiuchus
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/13/2015 01:07:00 AM

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 6 of 14 - Cassiopeia Equinox Cepheus

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy
- Image 6 of 14 - Cassiopeia Equinox Cepheus
The images proceed from left to right when facing the Saksaywaman megaliths.

Our decipherment of Saksaywaman, Cuzco, Peru, relies upon a fantastic panorama photograph of SaksayWaman by Martin St-Amant :"Sacsayhuamán Décembre 2006 - Vue Panoramique - Pleine résolution" by Martin St-Amant (S23678) - Own work. Licensed under CC BY 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons. That panorama photograph is so large (20000 pixels wide) that we have broken it down into sections in order to present our decipherment of those sections.

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy
Image 6 of 14 - Cassiopeia Equinox Cepheus


THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 92 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 6 of 14 - Cassiopeia Equinox Cepheus
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/13/2015 01:01:00 AM

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 5 of 14 - Perseus Pleiades Aries Andromeda Pegasus

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 5 of 14
- Perseus Pleiades Aries Andromeda Pegasus
The images proceed from left to right when facing the Saksaywaman megaliths.

Our decipherment of Saksaywaman, Cuzco, Peru, relies upon a fantastic panorama photograph of SaksayWaman by Martin St-Amant :"Sacsayhuamán Décembre 2006 - Vue Panoramique - Pleine résolution" by Martin St-Amant (S23678) - Own work. Licensed under CC BY 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons. That panorama photograph is so large (20000 pixels wide) that we have broken it down into sections in order to present our decipherment of those sections.

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy
Image 5 of 14 - Perseus Pleiades Aries Andromeda Pegasus


THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 91 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 5 of 14 -  - Perseus Pleiades Aries Andromeda Pegasus
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/13/2015 12:56:00 AM

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 4 of 14 - Orion Gemini Taurus Auriga

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 4 of 14 -  - Orion Gemini Taurus Auriga
The images proceed from left to right when facing the Saksaywaman megaliths.

Our decipherment of Saksaywaman, Cuzco, Peru, relies upon a fantastic panorama photograph of SaksayWaman by Martin St-Amant :"Sacsayhuamán Décembre 2006 - Vue Panoramique - Pleine résolution" by Martin St-Amant (S23678) - Own work. Licensed under CC BY 3.0 via Wikimedia Commons. That panorama photograph is so large (20000 pixels wide) that we have broken it down into sections in order to present our decipherment of those sections.

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy
Image 4 of 14 -  - Orion Gemini Taurus Auriga


THIS POSTING IS Posting Number 90 of
The Great Mound, Petroglyph and Painted Rock Art Journey of Native America

Decipherment of SaksayWaman Cusco Peru as Inca Astronomy - Image 4 of 14 -  - Orion Gemini Taurus Auriga
Posted by Andis Kaulins at 6/13/2015 12:51:00 AM
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Sky Earth Native America


Sky Earth Native America 1:
American Indian Rock Art Petroglyphs Pictographs
Cave Paintings Earthworks & Mounds as Land Survey & Astronomy,
Volume 1, Edition 2, 266 pages, by Andis Kaulins.

  • Sky Earth Native America 2:
    American Indian Rock Art Petroglyphs Pictographs
    Cave Paintings Earthworks & Mounds as Land Survey & Astronomy    ,
    Volume 2, Edition 2, 262 pages, by Andis Kaulins.

    • Both volumes have the same cover except for the labels "Volume 1" viz. "Volume 2".
    The image on the cover was created using public domain space photos of Earth from NASA.

    -----

    Both book volumes contain the following basic book description:
    "Alice Cunningham Fletcher observed in her 1902 publication in the American Anthropologist
    that there is ample evidence that some ancient cultures in Native America, e.g. the Pawnee in Nebraska,
    geographically located their villages according to patterns seen in stars of the heavens.
    See Alice C. Fletcher, Star Cult Among the Pawnee--A Preliminary Report,
    American Anthropologist, 4, 730-736, 1902.
    Ralph N. Buckstaff wrote:
    "These Indians recognized the constellations as we do, also the important stars,
    drawing them according to their magnitude.
    The groups were placed with a great deal of thought and care and show long study.
    ... They were keen observers....
    The Pawnee Indians must have had a knowledge of astronomy comparable to that of the early white men."
    See Ralph N. Buckstaff, Stars and Constellations of a Pawnee Sky Map,
    American Anthropologist, Vol. 29, Nr. 2, April-June 1927, pp. 279-285, 1927.
    In our book, we take these observations one level further
    and show that megalithic sites and petroglyphic rock carving and pictographic rock art in Native America,
    together with mounds and earthworks, were made to represent territorial geographic landmarks
    placed according to the stars of the sky using the ready map of the starry sky
    in the hermetic tradition, "as above, so below".
    That mirror image of the heavens on terrestrial land is the "Sky Earth" of Native America,
    whose "rock stars" are the real stars of the heavens, "immortalized" by rock art petroglyphs, pictographs,
    cave paintings, earthworks and mounds of various kinds (stone, earth, shells) on our Earth.
    These landmarks were placed systematically in North America, Central America (Meso-America) and South America
    and can to a large degree be reconstructed as the Sky Earth of Native America."


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